辐射
About Radiation Unit Conversion
Radiation measurement involves several related but distinct quantities: activity (how much radioactive decay—disintegrations per second), absorbed dose (energy deposited in tissue—joules per kilogram), and equivalent dose (biological effect accounting for radiation type). Each quantity has its own units, and confusing them is a common error. Activity tells you about the source; dose tells you about the effect on tissue.
The SI units are becquerel (Bq) for activity, gray (Gy) for absorbed dose, and sievert (Sv) for equivalent dose. Older units (curie, rad, rem) remain in widespread use, especially in the United States and in older literature. Knowing both SI and traditional units is essential for interpreting safety documentation, medical records, and regulatory requirements across different countries and eras.
Our converter handles all standard radiation measurement units for activity, dose, and exposure.
Common Radiation Unit Conversions
| From | To | Multiply By |
|---|---|---|
| Bq | Ci (curie) | 2.7 × 10⁻¹¹ |
| Ci | Bq | 3.7 × 10¹⁰ |
| Gy | rad | 100 |
| rad | Gy | 0.01 |
| Sv | rem | 100 |
| rem | Sv | 0.01 |
| mSv | mrem | 100 |
| μSv | mrem | 0.1 |
Radiation Unit Reference
Becquerel (Bq) – The SI unit of radioactivity, named after Henri Becquerel. 1 Bq = 1 nuclear decay per second. Activity measures source strength—a high-Bq source undergoes many decays but may pose low risk if emissions are weak or well-shielded. Common multiples: kBq, MBq, GBq.
Curie (Ci) – Historical activity unit, originally the activity of 1 gram of radium-226. 1 Ci = 3.7 × 10¹⁰ Bq = 37 GBq exactly. Named after Marie and Pierre Curie. Still standard in US medical isotopes (mCi) and industrial radiography. Common multiples: pCi, nCi, μCi, mCi.
Gray (Gy) – The SI unit of absorbed dose, measuring energy deposited per unit mass. 1 Gy = 1 J/kg. Named after Louis Harold Gray. The gray applies to any material—same energy deposition can have different biological effects depending on radiation type. Diagnostic procedures: μGy to mGy; radiation therapy: Gy.
Rad – Traditional absorbed dose unit. 1 rad = 0.01 Gy = 100 erg/g. The name stands for "Radiation Absorbed Dose." Still encountered in older US regulations, historical documents, and some industrial contexts.
Sievert (Sv) – The SI unit of equivalent and effective dose, accounting for radiation type via weighting factors. 1 Sv = 1 Gy × radiation weighting factor (wR): 1 for X-rays/gamma, 20 for alpha particles. Named after Rolf Sievert. The practical unit for radiation protection and safety limits.
Rem – Traditional equivalent dose unit. 1 rem = 0.01 Sv = 10 mSv. "Roentgen Equivalent Man." Common in US nuclear industry dose records. Occupational limits are often expressed in rem/year alongside Sv equivalents.
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